The Great Gatsby Movie Adaptations

The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald is one of the great novels in American literature, but into which formats (and multimedia) forms have the novel been adapted? The answer is several. In all, there are six film versions of The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald: 1926 - The Great Gatsby Distributed by: Paramount PicturesReleased: Nov. 21, 1926Directed by: Herbert BrenonProduced by: Jesse L. Lasky and Adolph ZukorSilent movie, based on a stage adaptation written by Owen Davis. Also written by Becky Gardiner and Elizabeth MeehanStarring: Warner Baxter, Lois Wilson, and William Powell.No copies of the entire film are known to exist, but the National Archives has a trailer for the film. 1949 - The Great Gatsby Distributed by: Paramount PicturesDirected by: Elliott NugentProduced by: Richard MaibaumStarring: Alan Ladd, Betty Field, Macdonald Carey, Ruth Hussey, Barry Sullivan, Shelley Winters, and Howard Da SilvaWriters: Richard Maibaum and Cyril Hume (also the stage adaptation by Owen Davis)Music by: Robert Emmett DolanCinematography: John F. SeitzEditing by: Ellsworth Hoagland 1974 - The Great Gatsby Distributed by: Newdon Productions and Paramount PicturesRelease date: March 29, 1974Directed by: Jack Clayton (In MemoirsTennessee Williams wrote: It seems to me that quite a few of my stories, as well as my one acts, would provide interesting and profitable material for the contemporary cinema, if committed to ... such cinematic masters of direction as Jack Clayton, who made of The Great Gatsby a film that even surpassed, I think, the novel by Scott Fitzgerald.)Starring: Sam Waterston, Mia Farrow, Robert Redford, Bruce Dern, and Karen Black.Screenplay by: Francis Ford Coppola 2000 - The Great Gatsby Directed by Robert MarkowitzMade-for-TV movie.Starring: Toby Stephens, Paul Rudd, and Mira Sorvino. 2002 - G Directed by: Christopher Scott CherotModernizedStarring: Richard T. Jones, Blair Underwood, and Chenoa Maxwell 2013 - The Great Gatsby Directed by: Baz LuhrmannRelease date: May 10, 2013Starring: Leonardo DiCaprio, Carey Mulligan, and Tobey Maguire.

The Rhetoric of an Apology The Bill Clinton Sex Scandal...

The Rhetoric of an Apology: The Clinton Sex Scandal I ask that all Americans demonstrate in their personal and public lives... the high ethical standards that are essential to good character and to the continued success of our Nation. On August 17, 1998, exactly one year after making the statement above, President Bill Clinton prepared to deliver a speech concerning a scandal that had gripped the nation for months. It is needless to say that this was an important moment during the Clinton administration. After accusations of sexual harassment, Clinton addressed the nation and admitted to having a relationship with Monica Lewinsky. In this critical speech Clinton set out to admit to wrong-doings, provide a few reasons for his†¦show more content†¦2. The speaker is not yet desperate. Although Clinton was arguably border-line desperate, he had been acquitted of charges and simply needed to get America to forget and forgive. 3. The speaker is committed. Clinton was committed to himself, his family, and his country. 4. The audience is open to change. (Hart 41-43) Everyone is capable of forgiveness. Clinton believed that he could salvage some reputation and gain if not the forgiveness of the nation, then a t least the acceptance. Clinton interacts with his audience in this speech on several levels. Scandal in the White House In January of 1998, Monica Lewinsky filed a sworn affidavit denying sexual relations between the president and her. She also allegedly asked Linda Tripp to lie for her. Tripp wore a wire and recorded conversations between the two. Clinton then denied that the two had a relationship repeatedly and several of his aides were questioned in court as well as several of his personal bodyguards. Next, Lewinsky was given immunity in exchange for the completely true testimony. Soon afterward Clinton admitted to having an inappropriate relationship with Lewinsky and the Starr report was released. Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives and was tried by the Senate for perjury and obstruction of justice. He is later acquitted of all charges. The Rhetoric of an Apology We see several recurrent themes throughout Clintons speech. He repeatedly makes the distinction between hisShow MoreRelatedInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pages with reviewing and fact-checking. In addition, we would like to acknowledge the help that we received from the many reviewers from around the globe, whose feedback guided us in preparing the eighth edition of the text. These include: M. Suzanne Clinton, University of Central Oklahoma; Zhe Zhang, University of Central Florida–Orlando; Owen Sevier, University of Central Oklahoma; Jerry Haar, Florida International University–Miami; Li Weixing, University of Nebraska–Lincoln; David Turnipseed, UniversityRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageswas integral in causing the Western hemisphere to now have its long history of European culture. He brought new technology and new religion that spread throughout the hemisphere. He sent attack dogs to maul naked Indians, seized Caribbean women as sex slaves, and disemboweled other natives who resisted conquest. Many were hanged, some were burned alive. He chopped off the hands of thousands who were slow in producing the gold he wanted. Many Arawak Indians responded by committing a series of mass

How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance Free Essays

string(72) " society gives a strong social reaction to those who deviate its norms\." Although many people know that deviancy is apparent in American society, few realize that it is society itself that causes deviancy. Our social structure exerts numerous pressures among people in our society to engage in non-conforming and deviant behavior to achieve the American dream. American society does this by emphasizing certain success goals, and not emphasizing the correct means to achieve these goals. We will write a custom essay sample on How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, deviancy is reinforced in numerous elements of American social structure through culturally defined goals, institutionalized means, societal reactions, and various forms of sanctions. Further, American society has a strong emphasis on wealth and an unreasonable demand for success. Therefore, Americans are lead to forms of innovation, deviancy, and live in a state of anomie. First, we must examine the definitions of deviance and norms. Henry defines deviance as a person who goes against the standards, expectations, and norms of their society (lecture). Further, deviancy is thought of as a personal attribute or behavior that results in social disapproval from others, or behavior that breaks the rules and norms for that society(Social Deviance 5). Norms are rules of conduct, and each norm is a statement of desirable or undesirable behavior. Examples of desirable and undesirable states of being are messages like â€Å"don’t be too fat† and â€Å"don’t be too thin† (Social Deviance 5). In addition, norms are the shared expectations and evaluations of behavior or being that the majority of society’s members agree upon. Meier states that expectations refer to how people will act or be, and evaluations are how people should act or be (Social Deviance 5). These expectations and evaluations further reinforce the standards and expectations of our society. Some sociologists previously believed that deviance was caused by biology. Sociologists once believed that deviant people were â€Å"born bad†, and that heredity, genes, and a persons body chemistry were all common denominators in deviant people. Merton contradicts this theory by noting that: With the more recent advancement of social science, this set of conceptions has undergone basic modification. For one thing, it no longer appears so obvious that man is set against society in an unceasing war between biological impulse and social restraint. For another, sociological perspectives have increasingly entered into the analysis of behavior deviating from prescribed patterns of conduct. For whatever role the biological impulses, there still remains the further question of why it is that the frequency of deviant behavior varies within different social structure and how it happens that the deviations have different shapes and pattern in different social structures. (230) Now sociologists, such as Robert K. Merton, have new insight into the theory that deviancy is caused by the society in which we live, not biology or body chemistry. This theory of deviance is also backed up by the belief that American society leads an individual to want the American dream, but does not afford them with the means to achieve them (Fanning). As members of a society obsessed with television and media, we have pressures that reinforce the popular belief that material possessions and wealth are extremely important in American society. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that if we can locate certain groups subject to the pressures of achieving the American dream, we should expect to find high rates of deviancy in its members. In addition, some social classes do not have equal opportunity to achieve goals. Due to discrimination, members of lower classes, and certain racial and ethnic minorities, all suffer from blocked opportunities. The stress and strain that results from blocked opportunities causes the individual to question the legitimacy of traditional and institutionalized means (Fanning). In effect, these members of society begin to think of other, often illegal, ways to succeed. Furthermore, when this occurs, respect for the traditionally accepted means of achieving goals crumble, norms weaken, and society is no longer able to regulate the methods its members use to obtain success. Therefore, high crime among lower classes can be attributed to the stresses caused by American society. If a person is born into a poor family, they might be forced to work while going to high school, and may not be able to focus on school work, like other classmates. Therefore, due to life chances, they might not have the opportunity to go to college due to bad grades or unaffordability. While constantly struggling to make ends meet, they decide to commit a crime to be able to have material possessions, since they believe that they will never be able to save up to buy anything through traditional work. This new social theory states that deviancy is people simply responding normally to the social situation in which they are in. Furthermore, Merton states that â€Å"some social structures exert definite pressures upon certain persons in the society to engage in nonconforming, rather than conforming conduct† (230). In addition, deviance varies culture to culture. What we consider to be deviant is different than what other societies consider deviant. Deviant definitions also change rapidly. American society used to think that women who wore short skirts, or smoked cigarettes were deviant. Now, the same acts are not considered to still be deviant. In addition, Merton notes that â€Å"some social structures exert a definite pressure upon certain persons in society† (230). American society is a perfect example of a society that exerts unreasonable pressures, and therefore leads some of its members to deviant behavior. This social theory is proven further by Merton’s theory of social structure. In American society, Merton believes that there are two elements of social structure; culturally defined goals, and institutionalized means. Culturally defined goals are integrated into society, involving various degrees of value and significance. Culturally defined goals are what society thinks its members should strive for, such as financial success. Institutionalized means are the regulations and norms that are the acceptable way of achieving the culturally defined goal (234). An example of a culturally defined goal is a good education, and a good job. Our society gives a strong social reaction to those who deviate its norms. You read "How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance" in category "Essay examples" Societal reactions embrace the ways in which society responds to the individuals, their acts, or suspected deviance. Forms of societal reactions are sanctions and formal sanctions. Sanctions are â€Å"punishments usually designed to control suspect or actual deviance† (Social Deviance 5). Formal sanctions are the punishments administered by the state or other form of legal authority. Examples of formal sanction are fines or imprisonment. Most often these formal sanctions have a negative stigma attached to them. Furthermore, sanctions are the ultimate measuring rod for identifying deviancy and deviant acts. An example would be a person given the formal sanction of a prison sentence being labeled a â€Å"ex-con†. Informal sanctions are sanctions from less official sources, such as family, peers and friends. Examples of informal sanctions are ridicule, peer disapproval, and criticism (Social Deviance 5). The next point to discuss is the common types of deviance that result from the pressures that American society puts on its members. Merton says that members of American society are sometimes forced to innovate to reach the goals society prescribes for them. First, goals are internalized and thought of as important, such as wanting a nice car, money, and a home. These people conform to the expectations society gives them, and therefore try to achieve the goals. The person who wants a car to be accepted in society, so they conform by going to college to get a good job, to be able to buy the car. The problem occurs when members want these things, but may not have access to them. Thus, this leads persons to have to innovate to achieve these goals (Merton 233). An innovator may be a person who is unable or unwilling to go to college to get a god job, so they rob a bank to be able to buy the home and car, and therefore can fit in to societies material demands. Deviancy is also caused by the numerous contradictions and variations American society has on what avenues are thought of as acceptable ways of achieving the goals. In addition, our society also has many double standards about what is seen as acceptable. Some cheat the system, but may be thought of as being crafty, or smart. On the other hand, some equally dishonest acts have punishments, and are looked down upon by members of our society. An example of this is when a business owner price fixes. Even thought the business owner is being exploitative, he is thought of as a business genius, and intelligent. People who cheat on their taxes, or get paid under the table are dishonest and using morally wrong ways of attaining money. However, these lawbreakers are not criticized, looked down upon, or thought of as criminals. An example of this double standard is when we find an illegal act with the absence of social disapproval. Without social disapproval, an illegal act is not considered to be truly deviant (Fanning). An everyday occurrence of this discrepancy is when someone is caught speeding. The act of speeding is illegal and punished with formal sanctions, such as fines, tickets, or license suspension, but is accepted in our society. We have police officers that are paid to regulate the highways, but no negative stigma attached to the act of speeding, or the punishment given by legal authority. The demand for success in American society is overwhelming. Success has become constructed as â€Å"winning the game† rather than â€Å"winning under the rules of the game. Through the same process, tension generated by the desire to win in a poker game is relieved by a successful dealing one’s self four aces, or when shuffling the cards in a game of solitaire. Merton states that â€Å"cultural (or idiosyncratic) exaggeration of the success – goals leads men to withdraw emotional support from the rules† (232-233). On the other hand, a person who robs a bank to attain money is labeled a criminal, and given punishments. People who mug, rob, and burglarize are feared and hated in our society, but cheaters, plagiarizers, and perjurers are not. These double standards create confusion, and lead members of our society to feel as if they are without guidance or clear morals. The next argument proving how American society causes deviance is due to American society putting too much emphasis on goals, and not enough value attached the correct means to achieve these goals. Merton states that â€Å"American culture continues to be characterized by a heavy emphasis on wealth as a basic symbol of success, without a corresponding emphasis upon the legitimate avenues on which to march toward this goal† (Social Structure 235). Due to this lack of clear guidance, strong social pressure to achieve, and inadequate ways to achieve the pressures society inflicts causes members to be deviant to attain acceptable status in our society. Merton further emphasizes that: Of the types of societies that result from independent variations of cultural goals and institutionalized means, we shall primarily be concerned with the first – a society in which there is an exceptionally strong emphasis upon specific goals without corresponding emphasis upon institutional procedures. No society lacks norms governing conduct. But societies do differ in the degree in which the folkways, mores, and institutional controls are effectively integrated with the goals which stand high in the hierarchy if cultural values. The culture may be such as to lead individuals to center their emotional convictions upon the complex of culturally acclaimed ends, with far less emotional support for the prescribed methods of reaching out to these ends. As this process continues, the society becomes unstable and there develops what Durkheim called â€Å"anomie,† or normlessness. Anomie is caused by a society without clear norms, such as American society. Being without institutionalized structure, expectations, and regulations, leads people to become disorientated. Capitalist societies, such as America, are perfect examples of anomic societies. Through ruthless competition and lack of morals and values, capitalists strive for money. Therefore, our social order becomes upset and people lose their way in pursuit of wealth without real regulation. In addition, money in our society is thought of as more important than honesty, morals, family, and happiness. As Merton states â€Å"in some large measure, money has been consecrated as a value in itself, over and above its expenditure for articles of consumption and or its use for enhancement of power. â€Å"Money† is a peculiarly well adapted to become a symbol of prestige† (233). Money can buy class, power and status, all of which are highly regarded in American society. Simmel emphasizes that money is highly abstract and impersonal. However acquired, fraudulently or institutionally, money can be used to purchase the same goods and services (Illuminating Social Life 84). Therefore, it doesn’t really matter how one gets money; it just matters that one has money. The next argument as to why American society leads its members to be deviant is because our society puts a tremendous emphasis on wealth and success. Merton states that the United States has three cultural axioms. The first axiom is that everyone should strive for the American dream, which are wealth, success and independence. The second axiom states that present failure is only a slight setback; third, the only real failure is personal failure, and the withdrawal of ambition (235). This social structure puts tremendous amounts of pressure on all individuals in American society. Our society looks down upon members who do not have wealth or success. Furthermore, there is a negative attitude towards people who do not wish to achieve the â€Å"American Dream. † Some members of our society are satisfied with what they have, and do not strive for raises, promotions, or anything greater. These people are thought of as lazy, lacking ambition and work ethic, and put down in our society for simply being content with what they have. In conclusion, many people think that money will solve all of their problems, and give them happiness. On the contrary, many wealthy people are miserable, and their money has created numerous problems for them. Merton notes that when he was an observer of a community in which the common annual was in the six figures. He witnessed one victim of the American Dream saying, â€Å"in this town, I’m snubbed socially because I only get a thousand a week. That hurts† (233). Competition among neighbors, community, co-workers, and club members is overwhelming. Even after achieving monetary success, it seems as is there is no stopping point to the amount of money some strive for. Merton states that â€Å"in the American Dream there is no final stopping point. The measure of â€Å"monetary success† is conveniently indefinite and relative† (232). No matter how much money one has, it is never enough. No one can be â€Å"too rich† in America. Durkheim states that â€Å"to pursue a goal that is unattainable is to condemn ones self to a state of perpetual unhappiness. Our passions must first be limited by a moral force† (Suicide 229). Since we put pressure on ourselves to reach unattainable goals, we are therefore always dissatisfied with our lives. These social pressures that are reinforced in almost every aspect of American society can further explain deviance. Merton states that: To say that the goal of monetary success is entrenched in American culture is to say that Americans are bombarded on every side by precepts which affirm the right or, often, the duty of retaining the goal even in the face of repeated frustration. Prestigeful representatives of the society reinforce the cultural emphasis. The family, the school, and the workplace- the major agencies shaping the personality structure and goal formation of America- join to provide the intensive discipline required if an individual is to retain intact a goal that remains elusively beyond reach. (233) One of the major agencies that shape young Americans morals and values is our education system. Our education system places great emphasis on grades, test scores, and grade point averages. It seems that achieving these things is more important than really learning and retaining information. Therefore, this leads to cheating on tests, bribing professors, and altering transcripts, and all of which are forms of dishonesty and deviance. Durkheim believes that once our society brings back morals and values we will begin to establish more acceptable and reinforced ways of achieving goals (Anomie 79). We must set achievable goals for ourselves and put more emphasis on attaining happiness, not monetary success. How to cite How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance, Essay examples

The Human Dignity

Question: Write an essay about the human dignity. Answer: Introduction Human dignity is something that every human being wants to acquire each day. If an individual can earn the dignity for his or her works and develop a sense of self-respect and self-worth, physical and psychological integrity and empowerment then dignity will automatically be enhanced (Afraz, Boyden DiCarlo, 2015). In present time, human dignity is affected by various activities of people, which are not acceptable to the human society as benchmarks of dignity. In this study, the researcher has shed light on the issue regarding gender selection and gender discrimination, which has created a controversy now. The main issue is that parents in different countries are now undergoing test to determine the sex of their unborn child (Pennington et al., 2013). This very controversial topic is lessening the dignity of human that the morals and ethics of the people are declining regularly. Therefore, in this study the researcher has discussed the two perspectives of human dignity related to gender selection. Between this two perspectives one is gender discrimination and the other is the disrespecting the moral norms and values of the society. The first perspective is referring to gender discrimination that is seen in many places whether it is in social activities or in any workplace (Bharadwaj Lakdawala, 2013). The researcher has discussed another one perspective that is enforcing the speedy loss of moral values and ethics, which has created an alarming situation. Therefore, the researcher is concentrating on the matter that is now creating the more concern of the people in this sex selection case that is expressed in the discussion of this study. Discussion Perspective 1 In the study, the researcher discusses about gender discrimination among parents while undergoing pre-natal sex determination. Such behaviour is also indicative of their thinking process. It will signify the dignity of the human society that is expressed through the process of their behaviour in the cases of gender discrimination (Kelso et al., 2014). It is a devastating trend seen in developing countries, which often discriminates against girls and women before birth. More than 100 millions girls has suffered due to discrimination of gender at birth and thereby abortion of girl child at their birth. These trends of the developing countries are minimizing human dignity largely. Due to this trend, it has been found that tragically, female infants are frail due to the trauma of being abortion. The human dignity has minimized with the feeling that every girl child is inferior in the society (Dag Kullberg, 2016). It can also be found that many parents are willing to pay more to the hospitals for changing their fertilized eggs to have a baby with their desired gender. In many communities, it has been found that girls child are getting short time breastfeed than the boys child with an intension of the women to get pregnant again for boy child. The trend of gender discrimination also decease the dignity of girl child in a way of getting less education and privileges from the society. Girls in the society are being eliminated in higher extent due to denying them as the most primal of the society and restricting their rights to take birth. In this way, sex selection, abortion and choosing the gender discrimination before birth are usually threatening the very subsistence of the women in the world. The leniency of parents towards gender discrimination and sex selectivity has meant that people are not viewing gender discrimination as the one of the great violation of human right. Due to this leniency of selective birth, girls in the society are presumed to be liabilities to their families rather than assets. This is also because of the getting low privileges in educational institution and well-paid employment in the workplace. Inequality and gender discrimination is one of the major issues around the world (Fitch Anderson, 2014). Every human has the equal right to use his or her rights in the society. However, in the present scenario, it has been found that the common people of the people are using their rights in an unethical way in the society. In this 21st century, though the world has become enough advanced but still the mentality of the people in the society has not changed (Krieger, 2014). The sex discrimination still considered as one of the major issues in the society. It has been found that still the individuals are concerned during the birth of a child whether its baby boy or a baby girl. Especially the parents and their concerned families are much concerned before the birth of the child about the sex of the child. In the society discrimination are being made based on class, colour and creed. Everyone has equal right to be the part of the society. With advancement, the perception of the people h as changed drastically in the society. Human dignity is considered as the ultimate principle in the society. It has been found that freedom is being misused in order to get personal benefit. In most of the cases, it has been found that the sex-selective abortion is rapidly increasing in the global scenario. With the advancement of technology, the level of sex-selective abortion has increased in the society. Additionally, gender ratio has also drastically increased in the society (Donnelly, 2013). In most of the cases, it has been found that the governmental bodies are not taking any sort action against the hospitals and the centre that are support sex-selective abortion during pregnancy (Bharadwaj Lakdawala, 2013). As per the report, it has been found that the Chinese government has declared that due to sex selective abortion most of the women are being misplaced in the society. Perspective 2 The perspective 3 states that the sex selection is against the social values because the children are valuable to the society (Donnelly, 2013). Therefore, the parents those are going for sex selection are going against the social norms and dignity. At the same time, the society must limit this type of activity. According to this particular article, human dignity includes the love and respect that one individual provides to himself or herself and to the other individuals. This individual also includes children also (de Melo-Martn, 2013). Children are worthy part of the human society and it is the feeling of human dignity that shows the respect to the children by accepting them in any gender. According to perspective three, sex selection must be avoided in order to maintain human dignity (Donnelly, 2013). A person who selects between the gender of men and women shows disrespect to the opposite gender. At the same time, when a person loses his or her dignity, it is considered that the person has also lost his or her morale. On the other side, the person who fails to value the social norms and culture can be considered as an unethical person. There are many societies where the people perform sex selection for some non-medical reasons like, family balancing, religious expectations or individual autonomy. These types of activities are completely against the ethical values and have no meaning (Martin et al., 2013). Various people think that the selection of sex is very important to balance the family for setting a good and happy family relation in future. Therefore, if they can point out the gender before giving the birth of the child then they will enable to know the gender of the future member of their family (Fitch Anderson, 2014). It will be very easy for them to plan their family according to the gender. However, it has a good side that the determination of the sex of their child can enable them to know about their future child but it has a drawback that It has made the parents to kill their childs se x before their birth. The human being cannot consider this huge crime. It will be against the human dignity for the people that are not afraid of killing a little life before their birth (Martin et al., 2013). It has raised the concern of the world now that they cannot able to stop this situation to go worst. Another section of people considers this process as non-medical purpose. There are a few countries, which supports the non-medical purposes of this gender selection on the time of childbirth such as Kazakhstan (Donnelly, 2013). In this country, the rule is strictly followed that every family have to consist of a son and daughter and in this way, the balance will be maintained in every family. Therefore, the parents of that country always try to know the gender of their children before their birth, which is completely against the social norms and the moral values of the humanity and human dignity (Chapman Benn, 2013). The country therefore, supports the gender selection of the parents in the time of becoming the parents. However, it is done for the sake of balancing the family; still the families have not the right to select the gender before their birth as every child has the right to come in the world (Chapman Benn, 2013). The parents have the acceptance of their child in any condition. This cannot depend on the gender of the child (Fitch Anderson, 2014). Therefore, there is no such reason that can satisfy and justify the reason of this selection of gender. This is against the ethics of the human rights and the gender selection is proved unethical in this context (Martin et al., 2013). Therefore, it can be said that sex selection of child made the parents inhumane by nature and it will always decline the dignity of the human society (Donnelly 2013). There is another concept regarding this gender selection of children. The child is the productive autonomy of the parents that cannot be determined before. According to de Melo Martn (2013), the gender selection of child by the parents always present the declination of the norms of the society that that has been practiced from the very past. The main victim of this non-ethical practice is mainly the girl child or the women. In the society, mainly the sex selection is proved problematic for the girl child who is normally the unwanted child in the families (Chapman Benn, 2013). Therefore, it has been seen that if the sex is detected the girl child then there is a tendency to kill the child foetus (Fitch Anderson, 2014). This is due to the social norms and morals that always blame the women folk and always try to dominate the girls. Conclusion The study is focussing on the human dignity that is continuously declining in the present time. The researcher is trying to consider a case study of the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) that is highlighting the issue of the gender selection by the parents regarding their childs sex. This is observed in the case study that the parents are continuously doing sex selection in the cases of their childs sex that has become a serious problem of the society. Therefore, the study has discussed the issue shedding light on the serious issue of a few people who supports the gender selection process on the behalf of the non-medical purpose. Then the study has revealed the various systems of different countries about the rules and social norms of the countries that support the unethical system of with their own logics. Although the reasons never can be considered for the sake of gender selection and cannot justify the utility of the sex selection the countries are following th is rule even in the era of literacy. Therefore, the system is the most relevant example of the declination of the human dignity, which is developed through the unjustified rules and morals of a group of people to get the opportunity to rule the society. Therefore, in concluding the study it can be said that the overall human dignity is falling down due to unethical practice such as, gender selection before birth of children. Reference List Afraz, A., Boyden, E. S., DiCarlo, J. J. (2015). Optogenetic and pharmacological suppression of spatial clusters of face neurons reveal their causal role in face gender discrimination.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,112(21), 6730-6735. Bharadwaj, P., Lakdawala, L. K. (2013). Discrimination begins in the womb: evidence of sex-selective prenatal investments.Journal of Human Resources,48(1), 71-113. Chapman, A. R., Benn, P. A. (2013). Noninvasive prenatal testing for early sex identification: A few benefits and many concerns.Perspectives in biology and medicine,56(4), 530-547 Claassens, J., Swartz, L., Hansen, L. (Eds.). (2013).Searching for Dignity: Conversations on human dignity, theology and disability. AFRICAN SUN MeDIA Dag, M., Kullberg, C. (2016). Employment officers' assessments of employment prospects for persons with physical disability: Structural discrimination on the basis of gender and country of birth.Disability Studies Quarterly,36(2). de Melo-Martn, I. (2013). Sex selection and the procreative liberty framework.Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal,23(1), 1-18 Donnelly, J. (2013).Universal human rights in theory and practice. Cornell University Press Fitch, A., Anderson, A. (2014). Parental Gender Stereotypes: Effects on Childrens Toy Selection and Emotional Responses Kelso, G. A., Cohen, M. H., Weber, K. M., Dale, S. K., Cruise, R. C., Brody, L. R. (2014). Critical consciousness, racial and gender discrimination, and HIV disease markers in African American women with HIV.AIDS and Behavior,18(7), 1237-1246. Krieger, N. (2014). Discrimination and health inequities.International Journal of Health Services,44(4), 643-710. Martin, C. L., Kornienko, O., Schaefer, D. R., Hanish, L. D., Fabes, R. A., Goble, P. (2013). The Role of Sex of Peers and Gender Typed Activities in Young Children's Peer Affiliative Networks: A Longitudinal Analysis of Selection and Influence.Child Development,84(3), 921-937 Pennington, A., Orton, L., Whitehead, M., Ring, A., Fox, D., Petticrew, M., ... Sowden, A. (2013). Missing women? The health inequalities impact of low control and gender discrimination: a theory-led systematic review of observational studies.The European Journal of Public Health,23(suppl 1), ckt126-216.

be the best Essays - Areca, Smile, Grapefruit Trees, Soft Fragrance

i want to understand what people feeling. I really have many best friends,when i make them smile,i haappy.Although I was born and brought up in the country, I spent most of my time in the city; however, a comfortable life in the city has never appealed to me at all. And the country with its advantages still has a call to me for good. First, the fresh and clean air of the country makes you feel healthier. How relaxed and pleasant you are when you can enjoy the pure air wafted with soft fragrance of areca and grapefruit trees in your garden! Therefore, you can take a stroll around the garden every morning and night. The stifling and polluted atmosphere of a crowded city, on the contrary, makes you suffocated and annoyed. It may breed neurosis and other fatal diseases to urban residents.

Assignment Details essay

Assignment Details essay Assignment Details essay Assignment Details essayIn the second half of this course we have explored the idea that television and new media do more than simply represent social reality; their capacity to create an aesthetic sense of â€Å"liveness,† intimacy, and/or immediacy also allows them to play a key role in constructing social reality as we know it, and shaping the norms of behavior, identity, and citizenship that define it from one culture to the next. Your task in this assignment is to write a short paper analyzing how one television show or online video can be said to perform this function- representing â€Å"reality† in a way that not only naturalizes a particular set of ideological values and beliefs, but also â€Å"governs at a distance† by creating collective social relationships and/or teaching viewers how to identify, behave, and relate to one another as fellow citizens.Further Assignment Details: All papers should respond to one of the three essay prompts below in order t o complete this analysis. However, the goal of this assignment is to further develop your skills of close formal analysis and give you practice connecting this type of analysis to the presentation of a well-formulated argument concerning concepts and ideas explored in class. Therefore, regardless of which prompt you choose, the basic requirements of the assignment will remain the same:Ÿ Essays should consist of 1500-2000 words (6-8 pages, double-spaced, with standard margins, not including footnotes and/or bibliography).Ÿ Essays should present an original thesissupported by evidence, includingdetailed formal analysis of examples and thorough explanations of relevant concepts, quotations, and ideas from readings. Your thesis should not simply repeat an argument suggested in class or readings; it should be your own idea and interpretation.Ÿ Essays should engage with at least two scholarly sources- one from assigned readings and one from an unassigned text- in a substantive wa y. They should cite these sources properly and consistently, using either MLA or Chicago style as outlined in the Hacker Somers Pocket Style Manual.Ÿ Essays should explicitly demonstrate a clear understanding of all relevant conceptual terms and stylistic conventions, defining key ideas such as â€Å"disciplinary power,† â€Å"performativity,† â€Å"liveness,† â€Å"naturalism,† and any other relevant terms by referring to readings and/or examples as needed.Ÿ Essays should be clearly written using correct grammar and spelling. Arguments should be well-organized and develop in a logical progression of ideas; style and quality count.Essay Prompts: Choose one of the following three options and respond according to the criteria laid out above.Benedict Anderson has argued that â€Å"communities are to be distinguished, not by their falsity/genuineness, but by the style in which they are imagined.† We read about and discussed the idea that â€Å" live† media events and more contemporary â€Å"social media† platforms help construct an experience of urban, national and/or global social existence as an â€Å"imagined community.† Write an essay that meets the guidelines laid out above and explains how one particular media event or social media platform (such as the Super Bowl, the Olympics, FourSquare, Instagram, Twitter, or any other type discussed by Friedman, Doane, or Sturken) can be said to construct a particular sense of national, global, or civic social identity, informed by a specific â€Å"style† of â€Å"imagined community† that is predicated on a set of cultural and/or ideological values.Note: In order to answer this question thoroughly, you will need to do a close formal analysis of a specific scene or scenes from an actual media event, such as the half-time show of the Super Bowl or the Opening Ceremony of the Olympics, or a specific use of a social media interface. In particular, y ou will need to describe how the visual style of the broadcast or the interface uses aesthetic conventions of realism, naturalism, and/or TV liveness, etc. to create an experience of social unity. So make sure you can find video of the event or use the platform you have in mind online and watch it repeatedly. You will also need to demonstrate a basic grasp of Anderson’s concept of the â€Å"imagined community,† so you will want to read a chapter from his book on the subject. To this end, I have posted a selection from the book online under Optional Readings.Over the last few weeks we have explored the argument that reality TV programs can be understood as a â€Å"technology of governance† that shapes social norms of identity, behavior, and good citizenship in liberal democratic societies. Along the way, we explored a number of different concepts that help to explain this process- including â€Å"disciplinary power,† â€Å"governmentality,† â€Å"p erformativity,† and â€Å"environmentality,† to name a few. Write an essay that meets the requirements laid out above and explains how one particular example of â€Å"reality TV† or a specific â€Å"social media† platform (such as a YouTube) can be said to function along these lines, focusing on one of the concepts listed above to explain how and why. Once again, keep in mind that much of your evidence will come from a close formal analysis of the stylistic features that allow one particular text to function in this way (for instance, conventions of naturalism, intimacy, etc) and the particular ideological values it instills as norms in the process, so make sure you can look at your example repeatedly and discuss these aspects of it.

The influence of IT on Supply Chain Management Systems Dissertation

The influence of IT on Supply Chain Management Systems - Dissertation Example About the organization 2. Literature review 3. Dissertation methodology 4. Ethical considerations 5. Findings and analysis 6. Discussions 7. Limitations of the study 8. Conclusions 9. Works cited The influence of IT on Supply Chain Management Systems 1. Introduction 1.1. Background Business organizations operate in a competitive environment in which different players scramble for the market share. The organizations strive to be attractive to clients by offering services that are exceptional and conventionally accepted that are unique to the company. This aim of business organizations is not always achieved due to the other challenging forces in the in the industry. The overall costs of operation are often high at certain instances while the customers are attracted to competitive (lower) prices for different products and services. The organizations also experience labor shortage or heavy loads of tasks on the employees that slow down the operations at the organization. This leads to o verall reduced output of the employees. The manual systems that are applied by certain organizations in their operations are not only slow but are also subject to errors that can lead to huge losses to the organization. This situation has been corrected in many business organizations with the recent development of information technology. The use of information technology has improved operations in various business organizations through excellent information management. ... Two or more organizations that have a direct link of this nature form a supply chain (Mentzer, 5). There is need for proper coordination of the processes involved in the conveyance of these products, services, or finances across the supply chain. Supply chains are encountered in both the service and manufacturing industries, though with some deviations across the industries (Ganeshan & Harrison, 1). Supply chain management is the science and art applied in improving the business functions through enhanced flow of information with an aim of improving long-term productivity and customer satisfaction (Wailgum & Worthen, 1; Mentzer, 2). These steps are hardly implemented with the traditional manual system. The introduction of modern technology and the integration of the technology into supply chain management have improved the operations of many organizations. Competition then becomes between organizations and between their supply chains as well (Xia-feng, 72). Tigo Ghana is one organiza tion that has recently integrated information technology into its supply chain management in order to improve its operations. This study investigates the roles that information technology has played in the improvement of supply chain management at Tigo Ghana, a telecommunications company in Ghana. It performs an analysis of the significant milestones that have been witnessed in the telecommunication company since the beginning of technology-based supply chain management. This study focuses on the role that IT has played in improving the operations in supply chain management of the organization. 1.2. The research question The research entails an investigation of the influence of information technology on supply-chain management

Volunteer assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Volunteer - Assignment Example volunteers to have a chance to give back, one can see too that it is not just the hungry and the unemployed that are being served here, but that those who serve are also getting so much in return. What I personally got from this experience is something that is very hard to quantify and to put into words, and I suspect that for every volunteer it is different too. What I can say for myself is that this experience opened my eyes to the reality of poverty, how it is sometimes beyond the personal capacity of a person to prevent, that it is something that can hit anybody at any time. Looking at the mix of people who were served too, one can see that this is not just about food, it is also about being able to rely on something that is constant and nourishing, in a world that can be so unpredictable and dangerous, being out on the streets and unable to find work and the means to support oneself. Going to the soup kitchen, they can expect nourishment, and they can expect to have this repriev e from the randomness of their lives five days a week. It is a lifeline. On the other hand for volunteers this is also a kind of lifeline, something that is likewise constant and something that volunteers can rely on, as a kind of refuge too, in a way. People need this kind of avenue for giving back to New York as well (Holy Apostles Soup Kitchen). Looking at the people too, and hearing about some of their lives, what they have been through and what they are currently going through, I realize that sometimes life can hit you hard and there is sometimes no way to prepare for what is going to come next. This contextualizes the readings and discussions in class, in terms of bringing this subjective and personal perspective into homelessness and poverty. Reflecting further, I realize poverty in New York is something that can happen to me too, and that therefore I am really doing this work partly for myself. In normal times these kinds of thoughts and insights will not enter my mind, and it

Lindt chocolate goes to South Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Lindt chocolate goes to South Korea - Essay Example hat direct the flow of a company’s goods and services to consumers and users of more than one nation for a profit†(Ghauri, and Cateora, 2005, p.8). Domestic market is almost saturated for many companies. Therefore, internationalization of business is inevitable for such companies. Hollensen (2008) pointed out that â€Å"international expansion helps a company to; explore new and potentially more profitable markets, increase competitiveness, and facilitates access to new product ideas, manufacturing innovations and latest technology† (p.5). In short, it is almost impossible for major companies to limit their activities in one country alone and stay competitive. International marketing and cross cultural businesses are getting popularity because of the above awareness. Established in 1845, in Switzerland, and operating in more than 100 countries, Lindt & Sprà ¼ngli is believed to be the leader in the chocolate manufacturing industry. â€Å"During more than 160 years of Lindt & Sprà ¼nglis existence, it has become known as one of the most innovative and creative companies making premium chocolate, with six production sites in Europe, two in the USA and distribution and sales companies on four continents† (The Lindt & Sprà ¼ngli Group, n.d.). The market of premium quality Chocolates is growing as time goes on. People of all cultures, including children and adults, are interested in tasting chocolates. As a result of that, Lindt has huge possibilities in overseas markets. Because of the huge brand value and reputation, Lindt can enter any market without an introduction. South Korea is a country which is developing rapidly at present along with India and China. Lindt has already established business units in China. However, they do not have business units in South Korea, India and Pakistan. This paper analyses the business opportunities for Lindt in South Korea. South Korea is the leader in global electronics and shipbuilding industries. Samsung, LG Hyundai and Daewoo

The importance of emotional intelligence

The importance of emotional intelligence The Importance of Emotional Intelligence in the Public Sector. Introduction Since the early 1990s, emotional intelligence (EI) is on the verge of becoming the number one topic in the public sectors and human resources agenda. EI in todays society is the forefront the tools utilized in the selection recruitment process. The assumption is made that many public sectors and human resources may expect external potentials employer should have this ability we call emotional intelligence (Huy, 1999). Moriarty (2009) stated public mangers sometimes need to ask themselves big questions. Why didnt last years initiative turn out the way we expected? Does the latest trend represent a real change in direction or a stage in an eternal cycle? Why is it such a struggle to bridge the gap between rhetoric and reality? Moriarty (2009), went on to state it is good to encouraged to see the less-than-linear progression of previous policy development; however, if this is to only remind us that saying if I do x then y should happen which isnt sufficient to make it so. In today society we all want to be encourage, congratulated, acknowledge, have a job security, love or like the job/career we are working in, effect of commitment, effect of communication, emotional understanding and we all want someone to understand who we are, what we are and why are we in the organization that we are in today. Whether an employee works at McDonalds, Wall Street, Car wash, playgrounds, Waste Management, house keeper/cleaner, General Motors and etc, everyone should have a voice in their organization. Furthermore, employees voices should make a difference because they are the foot soldiers who deal with customers services and know what the customers questions and concerns are. Overall, employees emotional intelligence can build great leaders and can be a big difference whether organization have progression or retrogression, which will be address later in this research. Consequently, EI also have some imperfections that raise some questions that will be address later in this research. Purpose The purpose of this research is to investigate the relative importance of emotional intelligence, to determine the role that emotional intelligence has for employees as individuals and to determine of there are any discernible difference between males and females. Furthermore, this research will investigate how emotional intelligence will benefit organizations. Background The concept of emotional intelligence goes far back to early studies in the 1920s. In the early 1980s, scholars began to systematically conceptualize the idea of EI (Carmeli, 2003). It was not until the 1990s that the concept of emotional intelligence began to receive more research attention. The major focus of researchers, prior to this, was on the importance of cognitive intelligence for gaining workplace success. In this day and age, however, researchers and participants alike are more likely attribute to emotional intelligence a significant power of explanation of variance in performance (Dimitriades, 2007). Two leading individual researchers, John D. Mayer and Peter Salovey, first introduces the concept of EI as a type of social intelligence, separable from general intelligence, which involves the ability to monitor ones own and others emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use the information to guide ones thinking and actions. There are many scholars that define emotiona l intelligence to the best of their knowledge; however, many of these definitions tend to be remarkably similar to one another. The literature reveals a diversity of opinions on the definitions that defines emotional intelligence as followed: Berman West (2004) states at the heart EI is define as a process of recognizing and bringing into awareness (consciousness) emotions that are experienced by oneself and others and then using this awareness (information) skillfully (indeed, intelligently) in subsequent decision making and action. Dimitriades (2007) defines EI as the ability of an individual to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotions; the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they facilitate thought; the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge; and the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth. Carmeli (2003) defines EI as an array of emotional, personal, and social abilities and skills that influence an individuals ability to cope effectively with environmental demands and pressures. Given that even the scholars had their own multiple definitions, researchers decided to gather information and create a definition of its own that best fit EI. Researchers define EI as the conscious awareness of ones and others self -emotions with the ability to cope effectively with organizational demands and pressures; furthermore, exceeding emotional, personal, and social abilities and skills that influence an individuals ability to cope by using the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth. Therefore, emotional intelligence can be seen as having the ability to manage emotions and to understand the complexity relationships that can occur between emotional and like emotional transitions is an important feature in the understanding of human nature and human interactions. Although there are many definitions that define emotional intelligence; researcher have found differences between individual level and organizational level. In Huy (1999) the individ ual and organizational level of emotional intelligence addresses the areas of receptivity, mobilization, and learning, which be touched on briefly. At the individual level, receptivity denotes a persons willingness to consider change. Correspondingly at the organizational level, receptivity refers to organization members willingness to consider individually and collectively proposed changes to recognize the legitimacy of such proposal. Individuals seek to develop a meaningful framework to understand the nature of the proposed change and to influence each other toward a preferred redefinition of organizational reality (Huy, 1999). In order for positive change to take place in an organization, the employee should be aware of change to come. Informing the employees of change and building a foundation for change will trigger the emotional mindset of your employees in the sense that they feel that they matter to the organization. When it comes to being receptive, one of the main issues to address is ego. Huy (1999), stated resistance to change represents the alter ego to receptivity and can range from moral outrage, which can transla te into such extreme actions as vandalism and sabotage, to quiet cynicism and withdrawal behavior. Some degree of receptivity to change is necessary for mobilization and learning to occur. Mobilization at the individual level refers to the concrete (actions) taken by a person in the direction of change; however, the organizational level of mobilization refers to the process of rallying and propelling different segments of the organization to undertake joint action and to realize common change goals (Huy, 1999). Mobilization involves collaborative wide capacity of the organization to implement change that cuts across departments, individuals, and time; furthermore, it requires active collaboration among team members that goes beyond simple agreement or compliance. Collaboration as an individual or as an organization working as a team means that one must take a leap faith in to a situation in which they will be rather unfamiliar but that has an emotionally unifying purpose that serves to minimize large divergences among groups. Having peopled committed to realizing a vision is more important for its success than a well thought-out tactic, because concentration and passio nate dedication are necessary to achieve distinctive competence and success (Huy, 1999). Individuals are motivated to acts only if they perceive they can bridge the discrepancy between goals and performance. On the other hand, both receptivity and mobilization can learn from the enact outcome of change. Learning provides both on the individual level and organizational level a feedback loop from the outcomes of behavioral change back to receptivity. On the individual level, a person learns by thinking and then acting, and then by using the outcome of those actions to revise his or her belief system. However, at the organizational level an analogous process takes place according to the organizational goal-action-outcome-learning feedback framework. Organizational learning takes place when successful individual learning is transferred to an organizations shared belief system (Huy, 1999). Organizations can have great leaders as long they are aware and practicing EI. Strengths and Weakness In the gender sense, both males and females have equivalent abilities to develop their EI, men and women as groups tend to have shared gender -specific profile of strong and weak points. Specifically, women are generally more aware of their emotions, show more empathy, and are more adept interpersonally. On the other hand, men are more self-confident and optimistic and can handle stress more effectively (Dimitriades, 2007). There is much strength to practicing emotional intelligence; furthermore, Mayor, Roberts Barsade (2008) have clinically discover that ones emotionality could become more positive by reframing perceptions of situations, as well as from the idea that when at work, individuals often exert considerable emotional self-control. Consequently, there are a few issues that set the positivity aspect of emotional intelligence and have made a lot of scholars ponder about this topic that is now on the up rise than ever before. The first strength of emotional intelligence is he lping leaders lead more effectively. However, some scholars contemplate is there enough information to support emotional intelligence. Although many scholars may question EI, some still believe that EI is effective in many ways. Furthermore, research has shown that for star performance in every field, EI is twice as important as cognitive abilities. Carmeli (1999), Daniel (2003), Dimitriades (2007), Hicks Dess (2008) Jordan, Ashkanasy Hartel (2002) have argued that employees with high emotional intelligence are better equipped than employees with low emotional intelligence to deal with the affective and behavioral implications of job security. Furthermore, job satisfaction is often considered as a proxy for an employees well being at work. Intelligent individuals with high emotional intelligence, through the set of three conceptually related mental processes described above, experience continuous of positive moods and feeling generate higher levels of satisfaction and well-being, compared to individuals who experience such feelings and moods as disappointment depression and anger, because they can reach high level of general satisfaction and fulfillment. Moreover, these individuals are committed both to their career and to their employing organization, which job security and commitment no longer becomes an issue (Carmeli, 199 9 Dimitriades, 2007). According to Jordan et al. (2002), the perception of job insecurity during organizational change can lead to increased organizational effectiveness on the part of employees. Thus, organizational members who feel insecure in their jobs are motivated to work harder because security is usually accompanied by complacency and employees under threat need to work harder to secure their positions and to maintain access to contingent rewards. Consequently, Jordan et al. (2002), however, argue that job insecurity has negative consequence for employees, including reduced work effort, reducing organizational commitment and reduce work satisfaction. In addition, job insecurity can lead to wellbeing (health) issues, owing to the stress involved in coping with ambiguity and that these problems act to reduce of employee performance. When insecurity starts to take a toll on the emotional intelligence of an employee, then the individual will start to build commitments to more than one organization. The concept of organizational commitment incorporates three distinct construct: affective, continuance and normative commitment. Continuance commitment is defined as the extent to which employees feels committed to their organization by virtue of the costs that feel are associated with leaving. Affective commitment is positive feelings of identification with, attachment to, and involvement in the work organization. Employees with strong affective commitment remain because they want to; furthermore, employees with strong continuance commitment remain because they need to. Overall, employees with strong normative commitment remain because they feel must to do so (Carmeli, 1999). Like (Carmeli, 1999), Jordan et al. (2002), who also speak on effective commitment state that many employees now do not seek career within one organization; nonetheless, they seek instead to maximize their external marketability. As a consequence, organizational members loyalty which was once primarily pledged of internal career advancement must now be balanced between organizational outcomes and career goals and have also shown that security of employment is a precursor of organizational commitment. Given the fact that job insecurity has many different aspects, it can create job related attention and behaviors. The links between job insecurity and job related tension also have been well established that job security is negatively related to employee physical health and well-being. Nonetheless, elimination of all sources of workplace stress and maybe also inappropriate because moderate stress can produce positive behaviors as long as the level of stress does not become unbearable. With negative emotion terrible outcomes can take place (Jordan et al., 2002). The negative emotion-focus coping behaviors with potential negative outcomes including withdrawal, self-blame, wishful thinking and emotional avoidance. These behaviors may alleviate short-term concerns, but they may fail to deal with the underlying stress. Coping behaviors are intended to reduce job-related tension through amelioration of experienced stress (Jordan et al., 2002). Jordan et al., (2002) discusses the two types of coping strategy. The first type, problem-focus coping, is intended to address the source of the job-related tension directly. The second type is emotion-focus coping, which it is to aim at minimizing the emotional ramifications of stress. Researchers also give an alternative that the employees can seek to establish constructive social networks that provide emotional support. In addition to this, the support that emerges from these networks contribute to positive emotion-focused coping, the actions required to set up these networks directly addressing the prob lem of job insecurity perceptions and therefore can be consider positive problem-focus coping (Jordan et al., 2002). Despite how effective emotional intelligence can be with the public sector, there are some downfalls of EI. In some cases, a surplus of EI can result in inappropriate behaviors and actions. Effective leaders have empathy for others, but leaders must know when to make a tough decision. They must be able to apply the logic and reason and acknowledge the feelings people feel the decisions are correct. Ineffective leaders can make the mistake of into the confusing of empathy and sympathy, which will cause the leader into making a harder decision than need be (Hicks Dess, 2008). One of the biggest cons of emotional intelligence is when people who use their leadership roles solely to gain formal or informal power, which is not displaying leadership at all. In fact, such leaders may be manipulative, selfish and dishonest. Therefore, the ineffective leaders are using EI to grasp what people want and to pander to those desires to gain personal authority and influence (Hicks Dess, 2008). Despite the positive impact and progress of emotional intelligence, there is no consensus about the exact natur e of EI since different scholars postulate differing numbers of factors that should be included in the construct (Dimitriades, 2007). Conclusion The purpose of this study is to identify the benefit of EI and tools that assist EI to be affective. When mangers and others feel accepted and understood, for example, commitment, security and enthusiasm increase in ways that promote performance. Relationship management involves effective communication, teamwork, conflict management skills, as well as the ability to help people work towards common objectives. Mentoring will further EI skills by allowing mangers to reflect and discuss their actions in situations that require a high degree of judgment, as people issues usually do. Expecting mangers to model appropriate behavior for employees increases awareness of EI skills and top managers who do so may become models lower-level mangers (Berman West, 2008). Another benefit to public sectors is training employees to target EI. Training has long been used to set standards for behavior and cultivate competencies for those seeking managerial and leadership positions. A variety of training is being offered that targets EI including emotional literacy. Evaluations show that participants increase their self-reported familiarity and competency in EI skill sets, though the long-term impacts are still unknown. In addition, other existing training topics, such as teamwork, change management, anger management, addressing EI competencies, and personality assessment (Berman West, 2008). Demonstrating care and concern for one for one another constitutes the basis for affect-based trust and is found to lead to be better work performance, possibly owing to better coordination under discontinuous condition. Focus on affective interpersonal cues is essential for quality of decision making and implementation solidarity among team members engagement (Huy, 1999). The term engagement has acquired new meanings in recent years with the emergence of concepts like democratic engagement and public engagement. In models of influence, commitment engagement generally implies going beyond one-way or even two-way communication to give people real influence over decision-making, whether the public or members staff. In the private sector, companies with high levels of employees engagement have better financial results than companies with lower levels. The public sector has no such universal measure of success. Although correlations employee of commitment with lower staff turnover rates, lower absenteeism, higher customer satisfaction and loyalty, fewer safety incidents and higher quality; overall, more efficient production points to its importance for public services as well (Moriarty, 1999). The critical factors in improving engagement are empowerment and control, trust and confidence, growth and security, connection and affiliation, recognition and value. With EI comes engagement and the key drivers of that engagement turned out to be job stretch, career development and opportunities for creative thinking (Moriarty, 1999). With opportunities for creative thinking comes along better customer services. Employees who have been with their employing organizations for a long time are more likely to develop to rich understanding of customers varying expectations and needs, consolidating this information into meaningful categories to effectively guide their behaviors. Besides the diversity of customer types and situations that contact employees encounter implies the importance of having multiple customer interaction strategies (Dimitriades, 2007). Contact employees, high in organizational tenure, can be assumed to have developed useful ways of interacting with specific customer types, resulting in increased effectiveness of employee interactions with customers and their ability to offer constructive insights into services problems and opportunities. Organizational tenure, on the other hand, is likely to be related to emotional intelligence among service employees (Dimitriades, 2007). Emotional intelligence is an important element in shaping peoples individual success and the quality of their contribution to the organizations where they work. EI training aims to develop peoples sensitivity and bring them new understanding of emotional dimension. An important element to developing EI training programs is that the participants must be ready to determine which EI elements are crucial for excellence in particular job context and continuous reinforcement (Dimitriades, 2007). Application Goleman (1998) stated that EI is the skill that distinguishes star performers in every field from entry level jobs to middle-level to top executive posts. EI is not about IQs, advanced degrees or technical expertise; however it is about possessing the potential to improve our emotional intelligence at any stage in our careers as individuals or as team members in organization. There are five dimensions of EI: self-awareness, motivation, self-regulation, empathy and adeptness in relationships (social skills). The way to apply these practices is listed as follows: Emotional Awareness: Recognizing ones emotions and their feeling. People with these competences know which emotion they are feeling and why, realize the links between their feelings and what they think, do and say, recognize how their feelings affect their performance and have a guiding awareness of their values and goals (Goleman, 1998 Hicks Dess, 2008). Motivation: Motivated people have a high level of energy directed at doing things better and are restless with the status quo. They also are driven by a need for achievement instead of external rewards (Hicks Dess, 2008). Self-Regulation: Self-regulation means managing impulse as well as distressing feelings. It depends on the working of the emotional centers in tandem with the brains executive center in the prefrontal areas. These two primal skills handling impulse and dealing with upset are at the core of five emotional competencies (Goleman, 1998): 1. Self-control: Managing disruptive emotions and impulses effectively. 2. Trustworthiness: Displaying honesty and integrity. 3. Conscientiousness: Dependability and responsibility in fulfilling obligations. 4. Adaptability: Flexibility in handling change and challenges. 5. Innovation: Being open to novel ideas, approaches and new information (Goleman, 1998). Empathy: This dimension can be seen as being divided into three parts. The first part revolves around that understanding others. People with this competence are attentive to emotional cues and listen well. Furthermore, the show sensitivity and understand of others perspectives and helping out based on understanding other peoples needs and feelings. The second part is devoted to the art of listening. Listening well and deeply means going beyond what is said by asking questions, restating in ones own words what you hear to be sure you understand, which is active listening. The final part concerns the politics of empathy meaning that those with little power are typically expected to sense the feelings of those who hold power, while those in power feel less obligated to be sensitive in return. In other words, the studied lack of empathy is a way power-holders can tacitly assert their authority. But this may hold less truth today, given the fact more organization are becoming more team or iented (Goleman, 1998). Adeptness in relationships (social skills): Social skill may be viewed as friendliness with a purpose: moving people in the direction you desire, whether its agreement on a new marketing strategy or enthusiasm about new product. This involves recognizing that a person gets nothing done alone. People with social skills have a network in place when the time for action comes. There is no doubt about the benefits of emotional intelligence, but as with any attribute, it is possible to have too much of a good thing. Individuals need to avoid the overuse or abuse of EI (Goleman, 2003 Hicks Dess, 2008). Reference Ashkanasy, N.M., Hartel, C.E., Jordan, P.J. (2002). Emotional intelligence as a moderator of emotional and behavioral reactions to job insecurity. Academy of Management Review, 27(3), 361-372. Barsade, S.G., Mayer, J.D., Roberts, R.D. (2008). Human abilities: emotional intelligence. Annual Review of Psychology, 59, 507-536. Berman, E.M. West, J.P. (2008), Managing emotional intelligence in u.s. cities: a study of social skills among public managers. Public Administration Review. Carmeli, A. (2003). The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(8), 788-813. Dess, G.G., Hicks, R. (2008). A question of leadership. Leadership in Action, 28(5), 18-24. Dimitriades, A.S. (2007). Managing emotionally intelligent services workers personal and positional effects in the greek context. Journal of European Industrial Training, 31(3), 223-240. Dudman, J. (2009). Society: public manger: public eye: are you having a laugh? London, Guardian Newspaper. Goleman, B. (1998). Working with emotional intelligence. New York, NY: Bantam Dell Pub Group. Huy, Q.N. (1999). Emotional capability, emotional intelligence, and radical change. Academy of Management Review, 24(2), 325-345. Moriarty, C. (2009). Public: leader: role models for a new generation required: which practice will best help public leaders face the unprecedented challenges of thee 21st century? in her award-winning essay, clare moriarty argues the case for emotional intelligence and long-term vision. London, Guardian Newspaper.

Censorship in music :: essays research papers

Censorship in music is a topic that has brought about much controversy in the past two decades. There have been many different arguments on the topic, however the question still remains as if it should be censored or it should not be censored. Before one can form an opinion on this, one must hear both sides of the argument. Some believe that music should be censored so all audiences can hear it without it containing any controversial lyrics. Others believe it should not be censored and musical artists should be able to speak, sing, rap, or rhyme freely without anyone censoring them. Whether a person finds a work obscene depends largely on his or her moral or religious beliefs. These views change with each generation and further complicate the censorship dilemma. Religious or moral beliefs have a great influence on how a person feels about censorship, and as generations pass on the common beliefs on it may change. Right now, America is more uncensored than ever. However, things were very different a few generations ago. Some people believe music should be censored. They believe some of the language musical artists use is vulgar, obscene, and crude. Also the fact that music is played on forms of media such as radio and television. Those are broadcasted to all audiences, and there are many parents that would not wish for their kids to hear foul language. So on radio and television any controversial language is either silenced, or edited out by a soft sound. Some artists make two versions of their songs; one that is made for the artist's album, which is uncensored; and one for television and radio with any controversial words change to be acceptable for all audiences. This does not include cable television, which can be audited by parents since the parents must order and pay for the channel to be viewed. When one really thinks about it, it is a violation of the First Amendment. The First Amendment guarantees the right to freedom of speech, and censorship is violating peoples' rights to say whatever they want to say. It is sometimes difficult to understand when a child gets punished for using foul language meanwhile the child's parents have the right to criticize and petition the government whenever they feel the need to do so. Many musical artists feel that when they are forced to change lyrics their rights are being violated.